{"id":834,"date":"2015-03-03T00:25:57","date_gmt":"2015-03-02T23:25:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/?p=4084"},"modified":"2022-01-04T21:10:26","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T20:10:26","slug":"oliver-sacks-et-les-mille-et-une-facon-detre-humain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/2015\/03\/03\/oliver-sacks-et-les-mille-et-une-facon-detre-humain\/","title":{"rendered":"Oliver Sacks et les mille et une fa\u00e7on d\u2019\u00eatre humain"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-4085\" title=\"Sacks\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sacks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"130\" height=\"140\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Le 19 f\u00e9vrier dernier, dans les pages du <em>New York Times<\/em>, Oliver Sacks, neurologue et auteur d\u2019une douzaine d\u2019ouvrages ayant fait conna\u00eetre la complexit\u00e9 du cerveau humain \u00e0 un large public, \u00e9crivait en quelque sorte ses adieux. Douze ans apr\u00e8s l\u2019ablation d\u2019un m\u00e9lanome oculaire qui l\u2019avait rendu aveugle d\u2019un \u0153il, des m\u00e9tastases se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es dans le tiers de son foie, ne laissant cette fois \u00e0 l\u2019homme de 81 ans que l\u2019espoir d\u2019allonger les mois qui lui restent \u00e0 vivre.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Ceux et celles qui, comme l\u2019auteur de ces lignes, ont pris conscience de la richesse de ce que peut vouloir dire \u00ab \u00eatre humain \u00bb \u00e0 travers l\u2019\u00e9tranget\u00e9 des troubles neurologiques d\u00e9crits par Sacks dans ses ouvrages seront \u00e0 coup s\u00fbr touch\u00e9.es en lisant cet article intitul\u00e9 simplement \u00ab My Own Life \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est le cas de Jean Claude Ameisen qui, dans son \u00e9mission radiophonique <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/blog\/2013\/07\/01\/sur-les-epaules-de-darwin\/\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">Sur les \u00e9paules de Darwin<\/span><\/a><\/span> de samedi dernier, rend hommage \u00e0 Sacks en lisant entre autres de larges extraits en fran\u00e7ais de \u00ab My Own Life \u00bb. Inutile de dire que ces mots de Sacks prononc\u00e9s par la voix chaude et intime d\u2019Ameisen ont quelque chose de particuli\u00e8rement \u00e9mouvants. Ameisen dont le talent de conteur le rapproche d\u2019ailleurs de Sacks, qui lui-m\u00eame consid\u00e9rait son style litt\u00e9raire dans la tradition des \u00ab anecdotes cliniques \u00bb remontant au XIXe si\u00e8cle, citant le psychologue russe <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_07\/i_07_p\/i_07_p_oub\/i_07_p_oub.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">Alexander Luria<\/span><\/a><\/span> comme source d\u2019inspiration.<\/p>\n<p>La vie de Sacks est en elle-m\u00eame fascinante du point de vue neurologique, \u00e9tant atteint de <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_12\/i_12_p\/i_12_p_con\/i_12_p_con.html#lesion\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">prosopagnosie<\/span><\/a><\/span>, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire d\u2019une grande difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre les visages. En 2009, il a \u00e9galement perdu sa vision st\u00e9r\u00e9oscopique suite \u00e0 l\u2019op\u00e9ration \u00e0 son \u0153il, \u00e9pisode qu\u2019il relate dans son livre \u00ab The Mind\u2019s Eye \u00bb. Sans parler de ses exp\u00e9rimentations fondatrices avec <span style=\"color: #008080;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_03\/i_03_m\/i_03_m_par\/i_03_m_par.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">diff\u00e9rentes drogues<\/span><\/a><\/span> d\u00e9crites dans son livre \u00ab Hallucinations \u00bb, ce qui l\u2019avait convaincu d\u2019\u00e9crire sur ces diff\u00e9rentes fa\u00e7ons \u00ab d\u2019\u00eatre au monde \u00bb alors qu\u2019il \u00e9tait encore \u00e9tudiant gradu\u00e9 en Californie (avant de venir \u00e0 New York o\u00f9 il a v\u00e9cu par la suite).<\/p>\n<p>De son premier livre coup de poing \u00ab Awakenings \u00bb (L\u2019\u00e9veil, en fran\u00e7ais) sur l\u2019utilisation de la L-Dopa pour traiter des personnes victimes de s\u00e9quelles d&rsquo;enc\u00e9phalite l\u00e9thargique (adapt\u00e9 au cin\u00e9ma en 1990 dans le film du m\u00eame nom avec Robert De Niro et Robin Williams), \u00e0 \u00ab L\u2019homme qui prenait sa femme pour un chapeau \u00bb sur <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/a\/a_02\/a_02_cr\/a_02_cr_vis\/a_02_cr_vis.html#3\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">les agnosies visuelles<\/span><\/a><\/span>, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 \u00ab Un anthropologue sur mars \u00bb, Sacks montre comment les dissociations parfois s\u00e9v\u00e8res des patients qu\u2019il d\u00e9crit ne les emp\u00eachent pas de s\u2019adapter et de vivre dans un monde passablement diff\u00e9rent du n\u00f4tre.<\/p>\n<p>Sur l\u2019unicit\u00e9 de chaque \u00eatre humain, que l\u2019on ait ou pas une \u00ab condition neurologique \u00bb, je vous laisse avec les tr\u00e8s belles consid\u00e9rations de Sacks \u00e0 la fin de son article de f\u00e9vrier dernier (voir Ameisen pour le fran\u00e7ais\u2026) :<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab There will be no one like us when we are gone, but then there is no one like anyone else, ever. When people die, they cannot be replaced. They leave holes that cannot be filled, for it is the fate \u2014 the genetic and neural fate \u2014 of every human being to be a unique individual, to find his own path, to live his own life, to die his own death.<br \/>\nI cannot pretend I am without fear. But my predominant feeling is one of gratitude. I have loved and been loved; I have been given much and I have given something in return; I have read and traveled and thought and written. I have had an intercourse with the world, the special intercourse of writers and readers.<br \/>\nAbove all, I have been a sentient being, a thinking animal, on this beautiful planet, and that in itself has been an enormous privilege and adventure.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/mobile.nytimes.com\/2015\/02\/19\/opinion\/oliver-sacks-on-learning-he-has-terminal-cancer.html?referrer=&amp;_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> My Own Life<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.franceinter.fr\/emission-sur-les-epaules-de-darwin-voyage-avec-olivier-sacks-3-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Sur les \u00e9paules de Darwin : Voyage avec Oliver Sacks <\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.oliversacks.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Oliver Sacks, M.D.<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oliver_Sacks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Oliver Sacks (Wikipedia)<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alexander_Luria\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Alexander Luria (Wikipedia)<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/prosopagnosia-oliver-sacks-battle-with-face-blindness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Prosopagnosia: Oliver Sacks&rsquo; Battle with \u00ab\u00a0Face Blindness\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le 19 f\u00e9vrier dernier, dans les pages du New York Times, Oliver Sacks, neurologue et auteur d\u2019une douzaine d\u2019ouvrages ayant fait conna\u00eetre la complexit\u00e9 du cerveau humain \u00e0 un large public, \u00e9crivait en quelque sorte ses adieux. Douze ans apr\u00e8s l\u2019ablation d\u2019un m\u00e9lanome oculaire qui l\u2019avait rendu aveugle d\u2019un \u0153il, des m\u00e9tastases se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13],"tags":[574,575,576],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/834"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=834"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2334,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/834\/revisions\/2334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}