{"id":34,"date":"2011-05-16T12:24:42","date_gmt":"2011-05-16T11:24:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog-lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/?p=698"},"modified":"2022-01-04T21:13:15","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T20:13:15","slug":"du-bon-usage-des-jurons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/2011\/05\/16\/du-bon-usage-des-jurons\/","title":{"rendered":"Du bon usage des jurons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-699\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/jurons.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"110\" height=\"110\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Le caract\u00e8re universel des jurons et de mots tabous dans toutes les langues humaines a retenu l\u2019attention, il y a quelques ann\u00e9es, du psychologue cognitiviste de Harvard, Steven Pinker. Dans son livre \u00ab\u00a0<em>The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature\u00a0\u00bb, <\/em>Pinker propose que l\u2019emploi de mots vulgaires servirait \u00e0 imposer des \u00e9motions n\u00e9gatives \u00e0 son interlocuteur en stimulant \u00e0 son insu des r\u00e9gions primitives de son cerveau. Les mots tabous activeraient ainsi davantage <a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/d\/d_10\/d_10_cr\/d_10_cr_lan\/d_10_cr_lan.html#4\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">l\u2019h\u00e9misph\u00e8re droit<\/span><\/a> que le gauche, <a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/d\/d_06\/d_06_cr\/d_06_cr_mou\/d_06_cr_mou.html#2\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">les ganglions de la base<\/span><\/a> (pour la production) et <a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/d\/d_04\/d_04_cr\/d_04_cr_peu\/d_04_cr_peu.html\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">l\u2019amygdale<\/span><\/a> (pour la perception).<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Les mots utilis\u00e9s pour d\u00e9clencher ces \u00e9motions n\u00e9gatives varient \u00e9videmment selon les cultures, mais les plus efficaces demeurent les termes religieux, scatologiques, pathologiques, sexuels ou r\u00e9f\u00e9rant \u00e0 un groupe ethnique minoritaire. Pinker pense aussi qu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas une mais plusieurs raisons pour lesquelles les gens utilisent des jurons\u00a0: pour choquer d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment en \u00e9cartant les euph\u00e9mismes (il d\u00e9nombre 34 euph\u00e9mismes pour dire \u00ab\u00a0merde\u00a0\u00bb en anglais!), pour intimider ou humilier, pour attirer l\u2019attention sur quelque chose, exprimer l\u2019informalit\u00e9 d\u2019une situation, etc.<\/p>\n<p>On lance aussi des gros mots quand quelque chose de d\u00e9sagr\u00e9able nous arrive, et Pinker \u00e9voque trois explications possibles \u00e0 ce comportement\u00a0: pour \u00ab\u00a0faire sortir la pression\u00a0\u00bb, comme l\u2019expression humaine du \u00ab\u00a0circuit de la rage\u00a0\u00bb de l\u2019animal bless\u00e9 qui crie pour intimider l\u2019assaillant, ou encore, comme il y a un caract\u00e8re tr\u00e8s culturel dans les jurons, simplement pour signaler efficacement \u00e0 ceux qui nous entourent l\u2019\u00e9motion n\u00e9gative qui nous assaille.<\/p>\n<p>Mais \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re d\u2019une \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente, il faudrait peut-\u00eatre ajouter une quatri\u00e8me raison possible \u00e0 cette utilisation des jurons. Des chercheurs de l\u2019universit\u00e9 Keele, en Angleterre, ont en effet d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que jurer peut augmenter la tol\u00e9rance \u00e0 <a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/d\/d_03\/d_03_p\/d_03_p_dou\/d_03_p_dou.html\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">la douleur<\/span><\/a>. De plus, ce sont surtout les personnes ne faisant pas un usage r\u00e9gulier des gros mots qui, lorsqu\u2019elles \u00e9taient encourag\u00e9es \u00e0 prof\u00e9rer des jurons, ont endur\u00e9 leur main plong\u00e9e dans l\u2019eau glac\u00e9e le plus longtemps !<\/p>\n<p>Les chercheurs pensent que l\u2019expression lib\u00e9ratrice de jurons activerait <a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_03\/i_03_p\/i_03_p_que\/i_03_p_que.html\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">la r\u00e9ponse de lutte ou de fuite <\/span><\/a>(\u00ab\u00a0fight-or-flight response\u00a0\u00bb, en anglais), acc\u00e9l\u00e9rant par exemple le rythme cardiaque et favorisant possiblement la s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion <a href=\"http:\/\/lecerveau.mcgill.ca\/flash\/i\/i_03\/i_03_m\/i_03_m_dou\/i_03_m_dou.html#2\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">d\u2019endorphines<\/span><\/a>, antidouleur naturel de l\u2019organisme.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/science\/8458163\/Swearing-can-help-relieve-pain-study-claims.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/d_lien.gif\" alt=\"d_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">Swearing can help relieve pain, study claims<\/span><\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1BcdY_wSklo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Video : Steven Pinker &#8211; The Language of Swearing <\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/389762\/Steven-Pinker-What-the-Fuck-Why-We-Curse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> WHY WE CURSE. What the F***? <\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thestar.com\/comment\/columnists\/article\/274463\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/i_lien.gif\" alt=\"i_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> The way we swear says a lot<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/journals.lww.com\/neuroreport\/Abstract\/2009\/08050\/Swearing_as_a_response_to_pain.4.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 0pt;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/a_lien.gif\" alt=\"a_lien\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" \/> Swearing as a response to pain<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le caract\u00e8re universel des jurons et de mots tabous dans toutes les langues humaines a retenu l\u2019attention, il y a quelques ann\u00e9es, du psychologue cognitiviste de Harvard, Steven Pinker. Dans son livre \u00ab\u00a0The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature\u00a0\u00bb, Pinker propose que l\u2019emploi de mots vulgaires servirait \u00e0 imposer des \u00e9motions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[57,128,129,130,131,132,133],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2524,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34\/revisions\/2524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.blog-lecerveau.org\/avance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}